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NEW THIS THURSDAY: EXPOSURE TO METALS AND CHILD GROWTH TO AGE 5 YEARS, RURAL BANGLADESH

Tuesday, 21st of May 2013

• ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE TO METALS AND CHILDRENS GROWTH TO AGE 5 YEARS: A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY IN RURAL BANGLADESH

American Journal of Epidemiology 

•  (Volume 177 Issue 10 May 15, 2013)

1. Renee M. Gardner,
2. Maria Kippler,
3. Fahmida Tofail,
4. Matteo Bottai,
5. Jena Hamadani,
6. Margaretha Grandér,
7. Barbro Nermell,
8. Brita Palm,
9. Kathleen M. Rasmussen and
10. Marie Vahter*

1. ↵*Correspondence to Dr. Marie Vahter, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden (e-mail: marie.vahter@ki.se).

1. Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; DMA, dimethylarsinic acid; MINIMat, Maternal and Infant Nutrition Interventions in Matlab; MMA, monomethylarsonic acid; SES, socioeconomic status.

• Received March 5, 2012.
• Accepted November 2, 2012.

Abstract below; full text, with figures, is at http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2013/05/14/aje.kws437.full

In this prospective cohort study, based on 1,505 mother-infant pairs in rural Bangladesh, we evaluated the associations between early-life exposure to arsenic, cadmium, and lead, assessed via concentrations in maternal and child urine, and childrens weights and heights up to age 5 years, during the period 2001–2009. Concurrent and prenatal exposures were evaluated using linear regression analysis, while longitudinal exposure was assessed using mixed-effects linear regression. An inverse association was found between childrens weight and height, age-adjusted z scores, and growth velocity at age 5 years and concurrent exposure to cadmium and arsenic. In the longitudinal analysis, multivariable-adjusted attributable differences in childrens weight at age 5 years were −0.33 kg (95% confidence interval (CI): −0.60, −0.06) for high (≥95th percentile) arsenic exposure and −0.57 kg (95% CI: −0.88, −0.26) for high cadmium exposure, in comparison with children with the lowest exposure (≤5th percentile). Multivariable-adjusted attributable differences in height were −0.50 cm (95% CI: −1.20, 0.21) for high arsenic exposure and −1.6 cm (95% CI: −2.4, −0.77) for high cadmium exposure. The associations were apparent primarily among girls. The negative effects on childrens growth at age 5 years attributable to arsenic and cadmium were of similar magnitude to the difference between girls and boys in terms of weight (−0.67 kg, 95% CI: −0.82, −0.53) and height (−1.3 cm, 95% CI: −1.7, −0.89). 

 

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