advanced search

<< Back To Home

ROTAVIRUS VACCINE IMPACT: EFFECTIVENESS OF PENTAVALENT AND MONOVALENT ROTAVIRUS VACCINES IN CONCURRENT USE AMONG US CHILDREN <5 YEARS OF AGE, 2009–2011

Friday, 14th of June 2013

• EFFECTIVENESS OF PENTAVALENT AND MONOVALENT ROTAVIRUS VACCINES IN CONCURRENT USE AMONG US CHILDREN <5 YEARS OF AGE, 2009–2011

 Volume 57 Issue 1 July 1, 2013

Clinical Infectious Diseases

1. Daniel C. Payne1 et al.

 Correspondence: Daniel C. Payne, PhD, MSPH, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Division of Viral Diseases, Epidemiology Branch, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, MS-A47, Atlanta, GA 30333 (dvp6{at}cdc.gov).

Abstract below; full text is available to journal subscribers.

Background. We assessed vaccine effectiveness (VE) for RotaTeq (RV5; 3 doses) and Rotarix (RV1; 2 doses) at reducing rotavirus acute gastroenteritis (AGE) inpatient and emergency department (ED) visits in US children.

Methods. We enrolled children <5 years of age hospitalized or visiting the ED with AGE symptoms from November 2009–June 2010 and from November 2010–June 2011 at 7 medical institutions. Fecal specimens were tested for rotavirus by enzyme immunoassay and genotyped. Vaccination among laboratory-confirmed rotavirus cases was compared with rotavirus-negative AGE controls. Regression models calculated VE estimates for each vaccine, age, ethnicity, genotype, and clinical setting.

Results.  RV5-specific analyses included 359 rotavirus cases and 1811 rotavirus-negative AGE controls. RV1-specific analyses included 60 rotavirus cases and 155 rotavirus-negative AGE controls. RV5 and RV1 were 84% (95% confidence interval [CI], 78%–88%) and 70% (95% CI, 39%–86%) effective, respectively, against rotavirus-associated ED visits and hospitalizations combined. By clinical setting, RV5 VE against ED and inpatient rotavirus-associated visits was 81% (95% CI, 70%–84%) and 86% (95% CI, 74%–91%), respectively. RV1 was 78% (95% CI, 46%–91%) effective against ED rotavirus disease; study power was insufficient to evaluate inpatient RV1 VE. No waning of immunity was evident during the first 4 years of life for RV5, nor during the first 2 years of life for RV1. RV5 provided genotype-specific protection against each of the predominant strains (G1P[8], G2P[4], G3P[8], G12P[8]), while RV1 VE was statistically significant for the most common genotype, G3P[8].

Conclusions. Both RV5 and RV1 significantly protected against medically attended rotavirus gastroenteritis in this real-world assessment.