Thursday, 2nd of June 2011 |
‘The introduction of deep tube wells to reduce arsenic in drinking water in rural Bangladesh had the additional benefit of lowering the incidence of diarrhoea among young children.’
Effect of deep tube well use on childhood diarrhoea in Bangladesh
V Escamilla,a B Wagner,b M Yunus,c PK Streatfield,c A van Geend & M
Emcha
a Department of Geography, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Campus Box 3220, 308 Saunders
Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3220, United States of America (USA).
b Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA.
c Demographic and Health Surveillance Unit, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research –
Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
d Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, USA.
Correspondence to Michael Emch (e-mail: emch@email.unc.edu).
Full text is at http://www.who.int/bulletin/online_first/10-085530.pdf
Abstract
Objective To determine whether the installation of deep tube wells to reduce exposure
to groundwater arsenic in rural Bangladesh had an effect on the incidence of childhood
diarrhoeal disease.
Methods Episodes of diarrhoeal disease in children aged under 5 years that
occurred on one specified day each month between 2005 and 2006 were reported to
community health workers for six rural villages. A geographical information system
containing details of household water use and sanitation in the villages was built using
data obtained by a global positioning system survey. The information system also
included health, spatial and demographic data. A field survey was carried out to
determine whether households obtained drinking water from deep tube wells installed
before 2005. The effect of deep tube well use on the incidence of childhood diarrhoea
was assessed using a random effects negative binomial regression model.
Findings The risk of childhood diarrhoea was 46% lower in the 179 households
that used a deep tube well than in the 364 that used a shallow tube well (P = 0.032).
Neither socioeconomic status, latrine density, population density nor study year had a
significant influence on disease risk. The incidence of childhood diarrhoea declined
dramatically between 2005 and 2006, irrespective of water source.
Conclusion The introduction of deep tube wells to reduce arsenic in drinking
water in rural Bangladesh had the additional benefit of lowering the incidence of
diarrhoea among young children.
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www.measlesinitiative.org www.technet21.org www.polioeradication.org www.globalhealthlearning.org www.who.int/bulletin allianceformalariaprevention.com www.malariaworld.org http://www.panafrican-med-journal.com/ |